“Deci and Ryan prefer a world with no competition among people, no goals set by leaders, no arbitrary time lines for completion of work, and no coercive consequences. In the absence of clearly external controlling elements, people would attribute their actions to internal sources and experience greater competence and autonomy, and this in turn should lead to more subsequent activity and greater satisfaction.” – Daniel J. Bernstein
Bernstein, D. J. (1990). Of carrots and sticks: A review of Deci and Ryan’s intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 54(3), 323.